1

Problem

Text 1

In a study of insect behavior, Samadi Galpayage and colleagues presented bumblebees with small wooden balls and observed many of the bees clinging to, rolling, and dragging the objects. The researchers provided no external rewards (such as food) to encourage these interactions. The bees simply appeared to be playing, and for no other reason than because they were having fun.

Text 2

Insects do not have cortexes or other brain areas associated with emotions in humans. Still, Galpayage and her team have shown that bumblebees may engage in play, possibly experiencing some kind of positive emotional state. Other studies have suggested that bees experience negative emotional states (for example, stress), but as Galpayage and her team have acknowledged, emotions in insects, if they do indeed exist, are likely very rudimentary.

Based on the texts, how would the author of Text 2 most likely respond to the underlined portion of Text 1?

2

Clue

Text 1 claims bees were “having fun,” while Text 2 is more cautious, stressing that insect emotions, if they exist, are very rudimentary.

3

Sumup

Please summarize Problem, Hint, Clue

Choices

4

Choice-A

Choice A is wrong because Text 2 mentions stress as a possibility, but it does not reject that bees may have positive states-it just says they’re basic.

Wrong By objecting that the bees were actually experiencing a negative feeling akin to stress rather than a positive feeling

5

Choice-B

Choice B is wrong because it is the opposite of Text 2’s position. Text 2 downplays complexity, not extends it.

Wrong By arguing that some insects other than bumblebees may be capable of experiencing complex emotional states

6

Choice-C

Choice C is wrong because it is irrelevant. Humans struggling to have fun is not mentioned anywhere, and doesn’t connect to insect emotions.

Wrong By pointing out that even humans sometimes struggle to have fun while engaging in play

7

Choice-D

Choice D is correct because it aligns with Text 2’s idea that insect emotions, if they exist, are “rudimentary.”

Correct By noting that if the bees were truly playing, any positive feelings they may have experienced were probably quite basic

8

Answer

Option

D

9

Sumup

Please summarize choices