The following text is adapted from Edith Nesbit’s 1906 novel The Railway Children. Mother did not spend all her time in paying dull [visits] to dull ladies, and sitting dully at home waiting for dull ladies to pay [visits] to her. She was almost always there, ready to play with the children, and read to them, and help them to do their home-lessons. Besides this she used to write stories for them while they were at school, and read them aloud after tea, and she always made up funny pieces of poetry for their birthdays and for other great occasions. According to the text,

what is true about Mother?

A)She wishes that more ladies would visit her.

B) Birthdays are her favorite special occasion.

C) She creates stories and poems for her children.

D) Reading to her children is her favorite activity.

Scent is tightly interwoven with our daily lives, often evoking significant memories and important social events. This connection is of growing interest to archaeologists who hope to use it to better understand ancient rituals, trade, social hierarchies, and medicine. Although the speed at which odor molecules dissipate makes identifying ancient scents challenging, advancements in biomolecular technologies show promise in unlocking ancient aromas from preserved artifacts. Archaeological studies making use of these advancements may provide new insights into past societies.

According to the text, what is one reason some archaeologists are interested in recovering scents from ancient artifacts?

A) They are investigating whether people’s sense of smell has declined in recent centuries.

B) They believe the scents could illuminate important aspects of ancient life.

C) They think that ancient scents would be enjoyable to people today. 

D) They hope to develop new medicines using ancient scent molecules.

Oluwaseyi Moejoh cofounded U-recycle Initiative Africa when she was only a teenager. Moejoh and her team founded the organization to teach young people how their actions affect the environment and why recycling is important. For example,the organization put on an exhibit of art made using recycled materials.   

According to the text, what is one reason Moejoh and others founded U-recycle Initiative Africa?

A) To bring attention to overlooked African artists.

B) To teach young people why recycling is important.

C) To help adults gain important outdoor skills.

D) To give teenagers advice about starting businesses.

In the South Pacific, New Caledonian crows use two different kinds of stick tools. One tool is complex. The crows shape a stick from a rare plant into a hook. The other tool is basic. The crows find a stick without a hook on the ground. The hooked tool is harder to get but is much better than the basic tool at removing prey from holes. When studying New Caledonian crows, ecologist Barbara Klump found that they hold the hooked tools in their claws when not using them, or they carefully put them in a safe place. The crows don’t do the same with the basic tools. This suggests to Klump that the____

Which choice most logically completes the text?

A) hooked stick tools are more valuable to the crows than the stick tools without hooks.

B) hooked stick tools are easier for most of the crows to hold than the stick tools without hooks.

C) crows prefer to share their hooked stick tools but don’t share the stick tools without hooks.

D) crows realize that both kinds of stick tools are less effective than their claws are at removing prey from holes.

Scholars have noted that F. Scott Fitzgerald’s writings were likely influenced in part by his marriage to Zelda Fitzgerald, but many don’t recognize Zelda as a writer in her own right. Indeed, Zelda authored several works herself, such as the novel Save Me the Waltz and numerous short stories. Thus, those who primarily view Zelda as an inspiration for F. Scott’s writings____

Which choice most logically completes the text?

A) overlook the many other factors that motivated F. Scott to write.

B) risk misrepresenting the full range of Zelda’s contributions to literature.

C) may draw inaccurate conclusions about how F. Scott and Zelda viewed each other’s works.

D) tend to read the works of F. Scott and Zelda in an overly autobiographical light.