• Large animals known as megafauna have substantial impacts on their environments.
• However, many native megafauna are extinct, so their effects on the ecosystem are unknown.
• Bison are a type of megafauna that used to be dominant in the United States.
• Reintroducing bison to their native environments doubled plant diversity.
• The presence of cattle, a domesticated megafauna, in the same environments produced a significantly lower increase in plant diversity.

Student wants to present one impact that native megafauna have on their environments. Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

A)Bison, a type of native megafauna, doubled plant diversity in their native environments.

B) Although many native megafauna are extinct, bison were reintroduced to their native environment

C) Native and domesticated megafauna can have impacts on tl`eir environments.

D) Bison and cattle are two types of megafauna that live in the United States.

N. K. Jemisin is an award-winning American science fiction and fantasy writer. The three books in her series, The Broken Earth Trilogy, each won a Hugo Award for Best Novel, making her the first author to win this award for each book in a trilogy and the first to win Best Novel awards for three consecutive years. Her____includes environmental crises and social inequalities.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) books subjects

B) books subjects'

C) books' subjects'

D) books' subjects

Starting in 2008, over 50 U.S. embassies across 38 countries installed air monitors and regularly posted social media updates about the air quality at those locations. Studying the impact of these posts,__.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) researchers' findings were a reduction in fine particulate concentration levels in those locations.

B) researchers found a reduction in fine particulate concentration levels in those locations.

C) a reduction in fine particulate concentration levels in those locations was found by researchers.

D)there was a reductionin fine particulate concentration levels in those locations, according to researchers.

Sandra Welner, a medical professor, wanted to make medical care more accessible for patients with disabilities.____she invented an examination table that could be lowered for easier access to and from a wheelchair and called it the Universally Accessible Examination Table.

Which choice completes with the most logical transition?

A) rather, Not

B) Additonally,

C)To that end,

D) surprisingly,

Several dwarf planets, including Pluto,____found in the Kuiper Belt, a region of space beyond Neptune’s orbit. The Kuiper Belt contains many remnants from the solar system’s early history and was first explored in 2015 by NASA’s New Horizons mission.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) is

B) was

C) has been

D) are

For example, a sculpture of Buddha props up a copy of a modern magazine. There is an organization,____that is revealed as the audience spends time in the space.

Which choice completes the text?

A) like wise

B) As a result,

C) though,

D) Specifically,

The National Raisin Reserve was created in the U.S. after World War 2. The reserve allowed the government to take a portion of raisins produced by farmers, thus limiting supply and increasing the price. A U.S. Supreme Court case____the reserve in 2015.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) ended

B)will end

C) ends

D) has ended

Susan Sontag was an American writer and activist who wrote extensively throughout her life. One of her many focuses____photography; in her book of essays, On Photography, she wrote about how photography influences people’s relationship to the world.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) have been

B) was

C) are

D) were

In this____a funnel filled with pitch allows the pitch to drop into a container below. In most pitch drop experiments, a single drop falls approximately once every ten years.

Which choice completes the text with a reasonable and precise word or motto?

A) experiment, the most famous of which was started in 1927 at the University of Queensland

B) experiment, the most famous of which was started in 1927 at the University of Queensland;

C) experiment, the most famous of which was started in 1927 at the University of Queensland,

D) experiment, the most famous of which was started in 1927 at the University of Queensland

Oglala Lakota poet, writer, and activist Layli Long Soldier published her first small poetry book, Chromosomory, in 2010 and her first full-length volume of poetry. Whereas in 2017. Whereas in 2017, the poems____the historical experience of native tribes in the U.S. as well as Soldier’s personal experiences and relationships.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) explore

B) has explored

C) is exploring

D) explores