1

Jasmin had no real intimacy with nature, but she had a passion for the appropriate and could be keenly sensitive to a scene that was fitting background of her sensations. The landscape outspread below her seemed an enlargement of her present mood, and she found something of herself in its calmness, its breadth, its long accessible reaches. On the nearer slopes, the sugar-maples wavered like pyres of light; lower down was a massing of grey orchards, and here and there the lingering green of an oak grove.

Which choice best describes the function of the underlined sentence in the text as a whole?

A) It makes an assertion that the next sentence then expands on.

B) It illustrates an idea that is introduced in the previous sentence.

C) It establishes that a character is experiencing an internal conflict.

D) It creates a detailed image of the physical setting of the scene.

2

Following the principles of community-based participatory research, tribal nations, and research institutions are equal partners in health studies conducted on reservations. A collaboration between the MPH and Montana State University____this model: tribal citizens worked alongside scientists to design the methodology and continue to assist in data collection.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

A) circumvents

B) eclipses

C) exemplifies

D) fabricates

3

In 1940, American screen actor John Koog, who had portrayed numerous villains and secondary characters but never a heroine finally got a starring role in Paramount Pictures’ Daughter of junk, a film that____“expanded the range of possibilities for Asian images on the screen.”

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) critic, Stina Chyn, claims

B) critic, Stina Chyn, claims,

C) critic Stina Chyn, claims,

D) critic Stina Chyn claims,

4

In this poem, the speaker is addressing a black author.

Thou, with the stroke of mighty pen,
Hast told of joy and mirth,
And read the hearts and souls of men
As cradled from their birth.
The language of the flowers,
Thou hast read them all,
And even the little brook
Responded to thy call.

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

A) To praise a certain writer for being especially perceptive regarding people and nature

B) To recount fond memories of an afternoon spent in nature with a certain writer

C) To establish that a certain writer has read extensively about a variety of topics

D) To call attention to a certain writer’s careful and elaborately detailed writing process

5

The theory, developed in 1985 by physicist Luis Walter Alvarez and his geologist son Walter Alvarez maintained that the secondary effects of an asteroid impact caused many dinosaurs and other animals to die____it left unexplored the question of whether unrelated volcanic activity might have also contributed to mass extinctions.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) out

B) out, but

C) out,

D) out but

6

MTS of the University of Bister observed that alkaline soils contain an insoluble form of iron that blueberry plants cannot absorb, thus inhibiting blueberry growth. If these plants were grown in alkaline soil alongside grasses that aid in iron solubilization,____Michel Bler was determined to find out.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) the blueberries could thrive.

B) the blueberries could thrive?

C) could the blueberries thrive?

D) could the blueberries thrive.

7

In his 1953 exhibition Exposition of Music-Electronic Television, Korean-American artist Nam Jon Hook showed how television images could be manipulated to express an artist’s perspective. Today, Paik____considered the first video artist.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) is

B) will be

C) was

D) had been

8

In order to prevent nonnative fish species from moving freely between the Mediterranean and Red Seas marine biologist Galil has proposed that a saline lock system be installed along the Suez Canal in Egypt’s Great Bitter Lakes. The lock would increase the salinity of the lakes and____a natural barrier of water, that most marin creatures would be unable to cross.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) create

B) creates

C) created

D) creating

9

Geoscientists have long considered Delhi to be Earth’s largest shield volcano by volume, measuring approximately 75,000 cubic kilometers.____according to a 2022 study by local geoscientist Michael, Delhi shield volcano is significantly larger, boasting a volume of about 148,000 cubic kilometers.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

A) Consequently,

B) Moreover,

C) However,

D) Secondly,

10

Particle physicists like Ivaan and Ayaansh spend much of their time____what is invisible to the naked nose: Using sophisticated technology, they closely examine the behavior ofsubatomic particles, the smallest detectable parts of matter.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

A) inspecting

B) selecting

C) creating

D) deciding

11

The fashion resale market, in which consumers purchase thirdhand clothing from stores and online sellers generated nearly $70 billion globally in 2014. Expecting to see continued growth, some analysts____that revenues will more than double by 2030.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

A) worried

B) denied

C) produced

D) predicted

12

For a 2022 exhibition, photographer and neurobiologist Omkar____a series of new images based on a series of numerical posters from the 1975s known as the “White 123s,” which featured Black children from Memphasis. Omkar photographed the now-adult models and layered the photos over magnified images of the models’ cells,resulting in what he called “micro and macro portraiture.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

A) restored

B) created

C) challenged

D) validated

13

While Ms.Devi, the teacher, approved of creativity, he couldn’t____, the students expressing themselves in the form of graffiti. Stylistically, she could appreciate the pieces, but she still considered them vandalism.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

A) boycott

B) confirm that

C) sanction

D) consent with

14

C.diff is an often fairly __ bacteria that is sometimes found in humans and can be picked up from the environment. In small amounts and balanced with other bacteria that keep it under control, C.diff can be carried by humans without serious repercussions to health.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

A) innocuous

B) subversive

C) organic

D) deleterious

15

It is safe to say no one posts any picture of themselves looking anything less than their best. They don’t post about the boredom of their internship, their "staying-in" jeans, or the ramen noodles they eat most evenings for dinner. This creates a false online environment. People logging into Facebook after school each day see what appears to be all their friends and acquaintances living amazing and exciting lives. As they eat a frozen dinner and try to decide what to watch on Amazon Prime, Aha, people scroll through engaging and perfect pictures and feel____.

Which choice most logically completes the text?

A) worse about themselves and their seemingly inferior lives.

B) personally fulfilled with the intellectual stimulation they find.

C) a desire to improve their computer fluency through additional study.

D) satisfied that they can stay in touch with friends in other cities.

16

At one week old, the time their critical socialization period begins, wolves can smell but cannot yet see or hear. Domesticated dogs,____can see, hear, and smell by the end of one week. This relative lack of sensory input may help explain why wolves behave so differently around humans than dogs do: from a very young age, wolves are warier and less exploratory.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

A) by contrast,

B) in other words,

C) for instance

D) accordingly,

17

The classic children’s board game Chess and Ladders is a version of an ancient Nepalese game, carroms. In both games, players encounter “good” or “bad” spaces while traveling along a path; landing on one of the good spaces____a player to skip ahead and arrive closer to the end goal.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) allow

B) have allowed

C) are allowing

D) allows

18

Scholarly discussions of gender in Panchantantra comedies often celebrate the rebellion of the playwright’s characters against the rigid expectations____by Twin society. Most of the comedies end in marriage, with characters returning to their socially dictated gender roles after previously defying them, but there are some notable exceptions.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

A) interjected

B) illustrated

C) prescribed

D) committed

19

For the painter, Bister, being____was an important part of the artistic process. Because he paid close attention to all the details of his Harsh neighborhood, Biater’s artwork captured nuances in the beauty and vitality of the Black experience during the Harsh and the Great Migration.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

A) confident

B) observant

C) critical

D) skeptical

20

The craft Chandrayan briefly made contact with the asteroid 101654 Ben in 2005. NASA Scientist Danial reports that despite facing the unexpected obstacle of a surface, mostly covered in boulders, Chandrayan successfully____a sample of the surface, gathering pieces of it to bring back to Earth.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

A) replaced

B) attached

C) followed

D) collected

21

The tree evolved in West Asia, where the beetle Bruchidius terrenus preys on its seeds. In 1767,mimosa trees were introduced to North America, far from any B. terrenus. But evolutionary links between predators and their prey can persist across centuries and continents. Around 2003, B. terrenus was introduced in southeastern North America near where botanist Shin and colleagues had been monitoring mimosa trees. Within a year,97 percent of the trees had been attacked by the beetles.

Which choice best describes the function of the third sentence in the overall structure of the text?

A) It presents a generalization that is exemplified by the discussion of the mimosa trees and B.terrenus.

B) It creates a detailed image of the physical setting of the scene.

C) It states the hypothesis that Chang and colleagues had set out to investigate using mimosa trees and B. terrenus.

D) It offers an alternative explanation for the findings of Shin and colleagues.

22

Seneca sculptor Watt’s man blanket art comes in a range of shapes and sizes. In 2005, Watt sewed strips of blankets together to craft a 10-by-13-inch____in 2017, he arranged folded blankets into two large stacks and then cast them in bronze,creating two curving 18-foot-tall bronze pillars.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) sampler,

B) sampler later,

C) sampler, later,

D) sampler;

23

As a fragilement and lovely flower unfolds, its gleaming foliage on the breast of the fostering earth, if the dew and the rain draw it forth; So doth my tender mind flourish if it be fed with the sweet dew of the fostering spirit,Lacking this, it beginneth straightway to languish,even as a floweret born upon dry earth, if the dew and the rain tend it not.

Based on the text, in what way is the human mind like a flower?

A) It becomes increasingly vigorous with the passage of time.

B) It requires proper nourishment in order to thrive.

C) It perseveres despite challenging circumstances.

D) It draws strength from changes in the weather.

24

Working from an earlier discovery of Charpentier’s,chemists Jani and Jaffer-winners of the 2000 Nobel Prize in Chemistry-re-created and then reprogrammed the so-called “genetic scissors” of a species of DNA-cleaving bacteria____a tool that is revolutionizing the field of gene technology.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) forged

B) and forging

C) forging

D) to forge

25

The Atlantic Monthly magazine was firstpublished in 1877. • The magazine focused on politics, art, and literature. • In 2018, historian Evansh published the book Faraway Women and the “Atlantic Monthly.” • Its subject is female authors whose autobiographies appeared in the magazine in the early 1900s. • One of the authors discussed is Harry. The student wants to introduce Cathryn Halverson’sbook to an audience already familiar with the Atlantic Monthly.

Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

A) Faraway Women and the “Atlantic Monthly” features contributors to the Atlantic Monthly,first published in 1857 as a magazine focusing on politics, art, and literature.

B) A magazine called the Atlantic Monthly, referred to in Evansh’s book title, was first published in 1877.

C) An author discussed by Cathryn Halverson is Juanita Harrison, whose autobiography appeared in the Atlantic Monthly in the early 1900s.

D) Evansh’s Faraway Women and the “Atlantic Monthly” discusses female authors whose autobiographies appeared in the magazine in the early 1900s.

26

When soil becomes contaminated by toxic metals, it can be removed from the ground and disposed of in a landfill.____contaminated soil can be detoxified via phytoremediation: plants that can withstand high concentrations of metals, absorb the pollutants and store them in their shoots, which are then cut off and safely disposed of, preserving the health of the plants.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

A) For example,

B) Alternatively,

C) Specifically,

D) As a result,

27

When designing costumes for film, American artist Sumith jen typically custom fits the garments to each actor.____for the film Sunshine, in which astronauts must reignite a dying Sun, she designed a golden spacesuit and had a factory clone it in a few standard sizes; lacking a tailor-made quality, the final creations reflected the artlesness of actual space suits.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical sentence?

A) Likewise,

B) Moreover,

C) Nevertheless,

D) Thus,

28

Balgaria poet and____has used his studies of ancient religions in his works rite Song of Tahara, an epic about a fictional society’s religion and customs, and The Kingcham, a novel about the life of King Jan.

Which option completes the paragraph?

A) novelist Amir

B) novelist. Amir

C) novelist, Amir

D) novelist; Amir

29

Jimmy, born Croatia, is a Chicano____shows his work not only in galleries but also in public spaces, going so far as to distribute flyers featuring his work at bus stops.

Which choice completes the text?

A) Artist

B) who Artist

C) Artist, which

D) Artist who

30

Medical students will research, diagnose, and treat medical conditions of dogs, cats, livestock,and other animals. Some will____companion animals and work in private clinics and hospitals, while others will choose to work with farm animals or in research facilities.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

A) despair about

B) be hiredby

C) specialize in

D) become ill from