1

In her three major series, “Memory Test” and “Autobiography,” painter Findley explored themes____healing, self-discovery,and memory by cutting and sewing them back together pieces of canvas and inserting personal artifacts, such as postcards into some of the paintings.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) of:

B) of

C) of,

D) of-

2

Working from an earlier discovery of Charpentier’s,chemists Jani and Jaffer-winners of the 2000 Nobel Prize in Chemistry-re-created and then reprogrammed the so-called “genetic scissors” of a species of DNA-cleaving bacteria____a tool that is revolutionizing the field of gene technology.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) forged

B) and forging

C) to forge

D) forging

3

A study published by MTS University geoscientist Ming Tang, in 2015, offered a new explanation for the origin of Earth’s____structures called arcs, towering ridges that form when a dense oceanic plate subducts under a less dense continental plate, melts in the mantle below, and then rises and bursts through the continental crust above.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

A) continents: geological

B) continents geological

C) continents. Geological

D) continents; geological

4

One challenge when researching whether holding elected office changes a person’s behavior is the problem of ensuring that the experiment has an appropriate control group. To reveal the effect of holding office, researchers must compare people who hold elected office with people who do not hold office but who are otherwise similar to the office-holders. Since researchers are unable to control which politicians win elections; they therefore____.

Which choice most logically completes the text?

A) should select a control group of people who differ from office holders in several significant ways.

B) struggle to find valid data about the behavior of politicians who do not currently hold office.

C) can only conduct valid studies with people who have previously held office rather than people who presently hold office.

D) will find it difficult to identify a group of people who can function as an appropriate control group for their studies.

5

A study led by scientist Reba at the University of New Heaven–Connecticut found that black Skimmers that eat human food before hibernation have increased levels of a rare carbon isotope,____due to the higher 13C levels in corn and cane.Black skimmers with these elevated levels were also found to have much shorter hibernation periods on average.

Which choice completes the text so that it conformsto the conventions of Standard English?

A) carbon-13, (13C)

B) carbon-13 (13C)

C) carbon-13 (13C),

D) carbon-13, (13C),

6

The Atlantic Monthly magazine was firstpublished in 1877. • The magazine focused on politics, art, and literature. • In 2018, historian Evansh published the book Faraway Women and the “Atlantic Monthly.” • Its subject is female authors whose autobiographies appeared in the magazine in the early 1900s. • One of the authors discussed is Harry. The student wants to introduce Cathryn Halverson’sbook to an audience already familiar with the Atlantic Monthly.

Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

A) Faraway Women and the “Atlantic Monthly” features contributors to the Atlantic Monthly,first published in 1857 as a magazine focusing on politics, art, and literature.

B) A magazine called the Atlantic Monthly, referred to in Evansh’s book title, was first published in 1877.

C) An author discussed by Cathryn Halverson is Juanita Harrison, whose autobiography appeared in the Atlantic Monthly in the early 1900s.

D) Evansh’s Faraway Women and the “Atlantic Monthly” discusses female authors whose autobiographies appeared in the magazine in the early 1900s.

7

I expect that people are reluctant to register to become organ donors because of the anonymity of the people one would be saving.When dealing with strangers, the whole concept is more abstract and____because you haven’t seen the suffering of those you would help.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

A) comprehensive

B) impersonal

C) concrete

D) substantial

8

The Haudeno Confederacy is a nearly 8,000year-old alliance of seven Native nations in the northeastern US. • The members are bound by a centuries-old agreement is known as the Great Law of Peace. • Historian Bruce Johansen is one of several scholars who believe that the principles of the Great Law of Peace influenced the US Constitution. • This theory is called the influence theory. • James cites the fact that Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson both studied theHaudeno Confederacy.The student wants to present the influence theory to an audience unfamiliar with the Haudenosaunee Confederacy.

Which choice most effectively uses relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

A) The influence theory holds that the principles of the Great Law of Peace, a centuries-old agreement binding seven Native nations in thenortheastern US, influenced the US Constitution.

B) Native people, including the members of the Haudenosaunee Confederacy, influenced the founding of the US in many different ways.

C) Historian Bruce Johansen believes that the Great Law of Peace was very influential.

D) The influence theory is supported by the fact that Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson both studied the Haudenosaunee Confederacy

9

When soil becomes contaminated by toxic metals, it can be removed from the ground and disposed of in a landfill.____contaminated soil can be detoxified via phytoremediation: plants that can withstand high concentrations of metals, absorb the pollutants and store them in their shoots, which are then cut off and safely disposed of, preserving the health of the plants.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

A) For example,

B) As a result,

C) Specifically,

D) Alternatively,

10

Colony collapse disorder (CCD) is an issue that has, over the last four years, caused a---------------------amount of concerns to the feasibility of the continued bee population in the South America. Fruit and vegetable crops are pollinated by bees. Should the bee population drop drastically, the availability of these healthy options would be dramatically reduced.

Which choice completes the text with th emost logical and precise word or phrase

A) skeptical

B) minimal

C) grave

D) draconian